IPCT works on the principle of the DCCT, invented at CERN, the European Particle Physics Laboratory, by K.Unser in 1969. The DC component of the current flowing through the toroid sensor is detected by a magnetic modulator, also called fluxgate or second-harmonic detector.
The AC component is detected by an active Hereward transformer. The two circuits are cascaded in a common feedback loop to generate a magnetic flux which always cancels the primary current flux. IPCT output is the voltage developed by the feedback current passing through a precision resistor.
To measure:
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